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Name

fseek, rewind, ftell - reposition a file pointer in a stream

Synopsis

#include <stdio.h>

int fseek(FILE *stream, long offset, int ptrname);

void rewind(FILE *stream);

long ftell(FILE *stream);

MT-Level

MT-Safe

Description

fseek() sets the position of the next input or output operation on the stream (see intro(3) ). The new position is at the signed distance offset bytes from the beginning, from the current position, or from the end of the file, according to a ptrname value of SEEK_SET , SEEK_CUR , or SEEK_END (defined in <stdio.h>) as follows:

SEEK_SET
set position equal to offset bytes.
SEEK_CUR
set position to current location plus offset.
SEEK_END
set position to EOF plus offset.

fseek() allows the file position indicator to be set beyond the end of the existing data in the file. If data is later written at this point, subsequent reads of data in the gap will return zero until data is actually written into the gap. fseek(), by itself, does not extend the size of the file.

rewind(stream) is equivalent to:

   (void) fseek (stream, 0L, SEEK_SET );

except that rewind() also clears the error indicator on stream.

fseek() and rewind() clear the EOF indicator and undo any effects of ungetc() on stream. After fseek() or rewind(), the next operation on a file opened for update may be either input or output.

If stream is writable and buffered data has not been written to the underlying file, fseek() and rewind() cause the unwritten data to be written to the file.

ftell() returns the offset of the current byte relative to the beginning of the file associated with the named stream.

Return Values

fseek() returns -1 for improper seeks, otherwise zero. An improper seek can be, for example, an fseek() done on a file that has not been opened via fopen(); in particular, fseek() may not be used on a terminal or on a file opened via popen(). After a stream is closed, no further operations are defined on that stream.

See Also

lseek(2) , write(2) , intro(3) , fopen(3S) , popen(3S) , stdio(3S) , ungetc(3S)

Notes

Although on the UNIX system an offset returned by ftell() is measured in bytes, and it is permissible to seek to positions relative to that offset, portability to non-UNIX systems requires that an offset be used by fseek() directly. Arithmetic may not meaningfully be performed on such an offset, which is not necessarily measured in bytes.

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