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Name

Synopsis

ssize_t strfmon(char *s, size_t maxsize, const char *format, ...);

MT-Level

Description

The format is a character string that contains two types of objects: plain characters, which are simply copied to the output stream, and conversion specifications, each of which results in the fetching of zero or more arguments which are converted and formatted. The results are undefined if there are insufficient arguments for the format. If the format is exhausted while arguments remain, the excess arguments are simply ignored.

A conversion specification consists of the following sequence:

• a % character
• optional flags
• optional field width
• optional left precision
• optional right precision
• a required conversion character that determines the conversion to be performed.

Flags

=f

An = followed by a single character f which is used as the numeric fill character. The fill character must be representable in a single byte in order to work with precision and width counts. The default numeric fill character is the space character. This flag does not affect field width filling which always uses the space character. This flag is ignored unless a left precision (see below) is specified.

^

Do not format the currency amount with grouping characters. The default is to insert the grouping characters if defined for the current locale.

+ or (

Specify the style of representing positive and negative currency amounts. Only one of ‘+’ or ‘(’ may be specified. If ‘+’ is specified, the locale’s equivalent of + and ‘-’ are used (for example, in the U.S.A.: the empty string if positive and ‘-’ if negative). If ‘(’ is specified, negative amounts are enclosed within parentheses. If neither flag is specified, the ‘+’ style is used.

!

Suppress the currency symbol from the output conversion.

-

Specify the alignment. If this flag is present all fields are left-justified (padded to the right) rather than right-justified.

Field Width

w

A decimal digit string w specifying a minimum field width in bytes in which the result of the conversion is right-justified (or left-justified if the flag ‘-’ is specified). The default is zero.

Left Precision

#n

A ‘#’ followed by a decimal digit string n specifying a maximum number of digits expected to be formatted to the left of the radix character. This option can be used to keep the formatted output from multiple calls to the strfmon() aligned in the same columns. It can also be used to fill unused positions with a special character as in $***123.45. This option causes an amount to be formatted as if it has the number of digits specified by n. If more than n digit positions are required, this conversion specification is ignored. Digit positions in excess of those actually required are filled with the numeric fill character (see the =f flag above).

If grouping has not been suppressed with the ‘^’ flag, and it is defined for the current locale, grouping separators are inserted before the fill characters (if any) are added. Grouping sparators are not applied to fill characters even if the fill character is a digit.

To ensure alignment, any characters appearing before or after the number in the formatted output such as currency or sign symbols are padded as necessary with space characters to make their positive and negative formats an equal length.

Right Precision

.
• A period followed by a decimal digit string p specifying the number of digits after the radix character. If the value of the right precision p is zero, no radix character appears. If a right precision is not included, a default specified by the current locale is used. The amount being formatted is rounded to the specified number of digits prior to formatting.

Conversion Characters

i

The double argument is formatted according to the locale’s international currency format (for example, in the U.S.A.: USD 1,234.56).

n

The double argument is formatted according to the locale’s national currency format (for example, in the U.S.A.: $1,234.56 ).

%

Convert to a %; no argument is converted. The entire conversion specification must be %%.

Locale Information

Return Values

Errors

ENOSYS

The function is not supported.

E2BIG

Conversion stopped due to lack of space in the buffer.

Examples

Conversion	Output	Comments
Specification
%n	$123.45	default formatting
	-$123.45
	$3,456.78
%11n	$123.45	right align within an 11 character field
	-$123.45
	$3,456.78
%#5n	$ 123.45	aligned columns for values up to 99,999
	-$ 123.45
	$ 3,456.78
%=*#5n	$***123.45	specify a fill character
	-$***123.45
	$*3,456.78
%=0#5n	$000123.45	fill characters do not use grouping
	-$000123.45	even if the fill character is a digit
	$03,456.78
%^#5n	$ 123.45	disable the grouping separator
	-$ 123.45
	$ 3456.78
%^#5.0n	$ 123	round off to whole units
	-$ 123
	$ 3457
%^#5.4n	$ 123.4500	increase the precision
	-$ 123.4500
	$ 3456.7810
%(#5n	123.45	use an alternative pos/neg style
	($ 123.45)
	$ 3,456.78
%!(#5n	123.45	disable the currency symbol
	( 123.45)
	3,456.78

See Also

Notes

Lower-case conversion characters are reserved for future use and upper-case for implementation-dependent use.

Table of Contents

• Name
• Synopsis
• MT-Level
• Description
• Flags
• Field Width
• Left Precision
• Right Precision
• Conversion Characters
• Locale Information
• Return Values
• Errors
• Examples
• See Also
• Notes