NSENTER(1) manual page
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nsenter - run program with namespaces of other processes
nsenter
[options] [program [arguments]]
Enters the namespaces of one
or more other processes and then executes the specified program. Enterable
namespaces are:
- mount namespace
- Mounting and unmounting filesystems will
not affect the rest of the system (CLONE_:NEWNS flag), except for filesystems
which are explicitly marked as shared (with mount --make-:shared; see /proc:/self:/mountinfo
for the shared flag).
- UTS namespace
- Setting hostname or domainname will
not affect the rest of the system. (CLONE_:NEWUTS flag)
- IPC namespace
- The
process will have an independent namespace for System V message queues,
semaphore sets and shared memory segments. (CLONE_:NEWIPC flag)
- network
namespace
- The process will have independent IPv4 and IPv6 stacks, IP routing
tables, firewall rules, the /proc:/net and /sys:/class:/net directory trees,
sockets, etc. (CLONE_:NEWNET flag)
- PID namespace
- Children will have a set
of PID to process mappings separate from the nsenter process (CLONE_:NEWPID
flag). nsenter will fork by default if changing the PID namespace, so that
the new program and its children share the same PID namespace and are visible
to each other. If --no-fork is used, the new program will be exec’ed without
forking.
- user namespace
- The process will have a distinct set of UIDs, GIDs
and capabilities. (CLONE_:NEWUSER flag)
- See clone(2)
for the exact semantics
of the flags.
- If program is not given, then ‘‘${SHELL}’’ is run (default: /bin:/sh).
-
- -t, --target pid
- Specify a target process to get contexts from. The
paths to the contexts specified by pid are:
- /proc/pid/ns/mnt
- the mount
namespace
- /proc/pid/ns/uts
- the UTS namespace
- /proc/pid/ns/ipc
- the IPC namespace
- /proc/pid/ns/net
- the network namespace
- /proc/pid/ns/pid
- the PID namespace
- /proc/pid/ns/user
- the user namespace
- /proc/pid/root
- the root directory
- /proc/pid/cwd
- the working directory respectively
- -m, --mount[=file]
- Enter
the mount namespace. If no file is specified, enter the mount namespace
of the target process. If file is specified, enter the mount namespace
specified by file.
- -u, --uts[=file]
- Enter the UTS namespace. If no file is
specified, enter the UTS namespace of the target process. If file is specified,
enter the UTS namespace specified by file.
- -i, --ipc[=file]
- Enter the IPC namespace.
If no file is specified, enter the IPC namespace of the target process.
If file is specified, enter the IPC namespace specified by file.
- -n, --net[=file]
- Enter the network namespace. If no file is specified, enter the network
namespace of the target process. If file is specified, enter the network
namespace specified by file.
- -p, --pid[=file]
- Enter the PID namespace. If no
file is specified, enter the PID namespace of the target process. If file
is specified, enter the PID namespace specified by file.
- -U, --user[=file]
- Enter the user namespace. If no file is specified, enter the user namespace
of the target process. If file is specified, enter the user namespace specified
by file. See also the --setuid and --setgid options.
- -G, --setgid gid
- Set the group
ID which will be used in the entered user namespace.
- -S, --setuid uid
- Set the
user ID which will be used in the entered user namespace.
- -r, --root[=directory]
- Set the root directory. If no directory is specified, set the root directory
to the root directory of the target process. If directory is specified,
set the root directory to the specified directory.
- -w, --wd[=directory]
- Set
the working directory. If no directory is specified, set the working directory
to the working directory of the target process. If directory is specified,
set the working directory to the specified directory.
- -F, --no-fork
- Do not fork
before exec’ing the specified program. By default, when entering a PID namespace,
nsenter calls fork before calling exec so that any children will also be
in the newly entered PID namespace.
- -V, --version
- Display version information
and exit.
- -h, --help
- Display help text and exit.
setns(2)
, clone(2)
Eric Biederman
The nsenter command is part of the util-linux
package and is available from Linux Kernel Archive
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